Dein erstes Forum » te Mason was a nineteentha

A Complete Guide To The Different Learning Theories
Posted by nick_niesen on October 27th Nike Air Max 97 Soldes , 2010


Educational theorists, from philosophers like Socrates and Rousseau to researchers like Howard Gardner today, have addressed theories of learning. Many of their ideas continue to influence homeschoolers as well as traditional educators. A little familiarity with some of the ideas most popular among homeschoolers will help you make sense of the wealth of available materials when you begin to make choices for your family.


Jean Piaget and Cognitive Development


He proposed that children go through several distinct stages of cognitive growth. First comes the sensorimotor stage (birth to two years), during which the child learns primarily through sensation and movement. At the pre-operational stage (ages two to seven), children begin to master symbols such as language and start to be able to form hypotheses based on past experiences. At the concrete operational stage (ages seven to eleven) Nike Air Max 90 Soldes , children learn to generalize from one situation to similar ones, although such reasoning is usually limited to their own concrete experience.


Finally, at the formal operational stage (eleven years older), children can deal with abstractions, form hypothesis and engage freely in mental speculation. Although the rate at which children progress through the stages varies considerably Nike Air Max 2019 Soldes , the sequence of stages is consistent for all children.


Therefore, to be appropriate and effective, learning activities should be tailored to the cognitive level of the child.


Rudolf Steiner and the Waldorf Schools


Steiner divided children聮s development into three stages: to age seven, children learn primarily by imitation; from seven to fourteen, feelings and emotions predominate; and after age fourteen Nike Air Max Soldes Livraison Gratuite , the development of independent reasoning skills becomes important. Waldorf education tends to emphasize arts and crafts, music, and movement, especially at younger ages, and textbooks are eschewed in favor of books the students make for themselves. Waldorf theories also maintain that the emphasis should be on developing the individual聮s self-awareness and judgment Nike Air Max Soldes France , sheltered from political and economic aspects of society until well into adolescence.


Montessori and the Prepared Environment


Italian physician Maria Montessori聮s work emphasized the idea of the prepared environment: Provide the proper surroundings and tools, so that children can develop their full potential. Montessori materials are carefully selected, designed to help children learn to function in their cultures and to become independent and competent. Emphasis is on beauty and quality, and that which confuses or clutters is avoided: Manipulative are made of wood rather than plastic tools are simple and functional, and television and computers are discouraged.


Charlotte Mason: Guiding Natural Curiosity


Charlotte Mason was a nineteenth-century educator advocated informal learning during th rly year contrast with the Prussian system of regimented learning then in vogue. She recommended nature study to develop both observational skill and an appreciation for the beauty of creation and extended that approach to teaching history geography through travel and study of the environment rather than as collections of data to master. She felt children learn best when instruction takes into account their individual abilities and temper ttp://www.chaussuresairmaxsoldes.fr/]Chaussure Nike Air Max Soldes[/url] , but she emphasized the importance of developing good habits m