ORLANDO, Fla. -- A study of the racial and gender makeup of leadership and decision-making positions among the 128 Football Bowl Subdivision schools remain overwhelmingly white and male dominated.The report released Monday by the Institution for Diversity and Ethics in Sports (TIDES) of University of Central Florida found white men hold the vast majority of president, athletic directors and faculty athletic representative positions at FBS schools for the 2016-17 academic year.As somebody who has worked at an institution of higher education for 45 years I always hope that we provide wisdom and leadership for the country, particularly in difficult times, said TIDES director Dr. Richard Lapchick, the primary author of the report. When the leadership in college sports and college presidents dont reflect who the American people are visually then their ability to make sound judgments are not going to be as good as they would be if there were a diverse pool of athletic directors and others.Whites comprised 88.3 percent of the presidents, 85.9 percent of the athletic director jobs, 89.4 percent of the faculty representative positions and 100 percent of the FBS conference commissioner jobs at the beginning of the 2016-17 academic year. White males make up 75.8 percent of the presidents, 78.9 percent of the athletic directors and 90 percent of the faculty representatives. When Judy MacLeod was named as the Conference USA commissioner in 2015 she became the first woman to lead any of the 11 FBS conferences.The decision makers are responsible for hiring coaches where the diversity numbers have always lagged. Of the 128 FBS schools, 87.5 percent of the head football coaches are also white males.Thats actually why we started doing this leadership study is because had the coaching ranks stayed so stagnant for so long then it declined in basketball where they use to be pretty good, Lapchick said. Thats when I decided to look at who is making the decisions.The report also showed there was a slight decrease by 0.4 of percentage point from a year ago in women who hold any of the 388 campus leadership positions at the highest level of collegiate sports. The number of people of color holding campus leadership roles actually increased, but only by 0.7 of a percentage point from the 2015 report.To address the poor hiring numbers, the NCAA adopted The Pledge and Commitment to Promoting Diversity and Gender Equity in Intercollegiate Athletics last September. But the pledge, which was signed by several college presidents, has been widely criticized because its scene as non-binding and offers no sanctions for not improving the hiring record of university athletic departments.Lapchick has championed the NCAA adopting a hiring practice similar to the Rooney Rule used by the NFL, which requires that teams interview a diverse pool of candidates. He believes it should be called the Eddie Robinson Rule, named after the former Grambling coach and second all-time winningest coach in college football history.It would require a pool of candidates that is diverse so that the presidents and athletic directors would include people of color, Lapchick said. Josh Brown Jersey . But when it comes to determining if Raymond will find a place on the Leafs roster when training camp concludes in a week, well, that decision will ultimately fall to the head coach. Mark Pysyk Jersey . 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First All-American Gabe Ikard, then Ty Darlington starred at center and the two erudite linemen proved to be vital cogs on teams that won a pair of Big 12 Conference titles.Oklahoma will start this season at No. 3 in The Associated Press rankings and is considered a serious contender for a spot in the College Football Playoff for the second straight year, but one of the primary questions for the Sooners will be how quickly a young offensive line can develop and open the way for stars such as quarterback Baker Mayfield and running backs Samaje Perine and Joe Mixon.Much will depend on junior Jonathan Alvarez, who is moving from guard to take Darlingtons place at center, and on the two other returning starters, sophomores Dru Samia and Orlando Brown. Their teammates and coaches believe they will be up to the challenge.Its been good so far, Mayfield said. Jon did a good job of watching Ty. Ty was a very smart player, always knew what he was doing, so he got to watch Ty for a couple of years. Now hes on his own, hes controlling his own path now. Hes done a good job of putting us in a good situation.It also helps to have Orlando and Dru at the tackles, to have experience, too, so we can kind of surround those younger guards with experience and try to teach them the ropes.The 6-foot-3, 308-pound Alvarez played center in high school and started at that position against Tulsa last season. He has the added benefit of being able to pick the brain of Darlington, who remains on the Oklahoma campus, about the nuances of playing center.Last year, when I was at guard, I still always heard what he was telling the centers, Alvarez said. Ty would always explain to me why he was making these calls. It helped me get my train of thought going a lot more. It helped me prepare the way I need to.As important as Alvarez will be to the Sooners fortunes, so, too, are Samia and Brown, who started as freshmen at right and left tackle. The 6-foot-8, 340-pound Brown is imposing physically, much like his father, the former NFL lineman by the same name, while the 6-foot-4 Samia has bulked up 30 pounds this season to 305 pounds, something offensive line ccoach Bill Bedenbaugh said will make a huge difference in his effectiveness.ddddddddddddBedenbaughs primary concern is figuring out who will play on the outside of the Sooners line and developing depth. Several candidates have emerged during preseason practices, including junior college transfer Ben Powers, redshirt freshmen Bobby Evans and Cody Ford and redshirt sophomore Alex Dalton.Junior Christian Daimler (who has yet to play in three years with the Sooners), redshirt sophomore Quinn Mittermeier and seniors Erick Wren, Sam Grant and Jamal Danley also could figure into the mix.Alvarez said the Sooners experienced linemen want to help teach the newcomers, but at some point, they have to pick it up on their own and figure it out. They cant have somewhere all the time. I cant tell them what to do. They have to figure out what to do on their own.Bedenbaugh wasnt satisfied with the lines performance in Oklahomas first preseason scrimmage, calling it very average and too inconsistent. He is aware hes under pressure to have a solid group of linemen ready for the Sooners opener against No. 15 Houston on Sept. 3. Two weeks after that, No. 6 Ohio State will visit Norman in a much-anticipated game.Ideally youd like to have a two-deep, Benenbaugh said. (But) that doesnt happen very often. What youd like to have is eight guys, a starting five and then a tackle that can play both positions and a backup center. I dont know how its going to work out. Were still young and inexperienced so well see how it shakes out. . But if we can get eight guys and some guys can roll, then well be fine.Having good line depth is critical for the fast-paced offense preferred by offensive coordinator Lincoln Riley.It gives you more confidence to do it as a coach, Riley said. It gives you the confidence if a guy gets nicked up here or there that you can keep going on with it. ... We were lucky last year. Injury-wise, we stayed pretty healthy until the last game. The depth did show up a little bit there. It was a major factor in that last game. Itll be a major factor at some point this year, too.---AP college football website: www.collegefootball.ap.org ' ' '